How France still dominates Africa?

How France still dominates Africa?

Introduction

France's historical presence in Africa has left a lasting impact on the continent's economic and political landscape.

Former colonies continue to grapple with the consequences of French imperialism, as their economies remain heavily influenced by French policies and their sovereignty undermined. This article explores the intricate relationship between

France and its former African colonies, shedding light on the ways in which French control persists and hinders African

development and self-governance.

The Legacy of French Colonialism

France's influence in Africa dates back to the colonial era, where it maintained tight control over its colonies in

Francophone Africa. Political, security, economic, and cultural ties allowed France to preserve its imperial prestige and

safeguard its interests. However, the contributions of over a million African soldiers in World War II, often overlooked

by France, underscore the exploitation that has persisted throughout history.

The Colonial Pact and Economic Control

The colonial pact established after World War II solidified France's economic dominance over African states. Under this

pact, France seized control of their foreign currency reserves, strategically important raw materials, and even stationed

troops within their territories. France also dictated key areas of economic activity, such as water, electricity, ports, and

transportation, monopolizing these sectors with French businesses. The French government imposed restrictions on

imports from outside the franc zone while requiring minimum quantities of imports from France.

The "African Cell" and Covert Influence

To safeguard its strategic interests in Africa, France established the secretive and powerful "African Cell," reporting

directly to the French president. This cell oversees France's operations in Africa, ranging from economic control to military interventions. France's covert actions and military campaigns, including Operation Barkhane, demonstrate the

extent to which it maintains a firm grip on the region.

Economic Exploitation and Financial Dependency

France's economic exploitation of its former colonies remains a significant impediment to African development and

sovereignty. Through the CFA franc, a currency underwritten by the French Treasury, France exerts control over the

economies of 14 African countries. This monetary arrangement, coupled with the French demand for a large share of

their foreign currency reserves, severely limits these countries' access to their own funds.

The CFA Franc and Financial Control

The CFA franc system forces African countries to deposit a significant portion of their foreign currency reserves into

the French Treasury. This amounts to nearly $500 billion annually, leaving these countries with only limited access to

their own money. If they require additional funds, they are compelled to borrow from France at commercial rates, perpetuating a cycle of financial dependency.

French Monopoly on Natural Resources

France maintains the exclusive right to purchase natural resources found within its former colonies' territories. This

arrangement restricts these African countries' ability to seek other partners and hinders their economic development.

French companies enjoy preferential treatment in public procurement, further reinforcing France's economic dominance.

Military Control and Political Influence

France's military presence in Africa not only ensures its security interests but also enables it to exert political influence

over its former colonies. The French government holds the exclusive right to supply military equipment and training to

African countries, effectively controlling their defense capabilities. This military control extends to interventions in

times of crisis or war, further cementing France's grip on the region.

French Military Campaigns and Interventions

France's numerous military interventions in sub-Saharan Africa have raised concerns about its true intentions and the

impact on African political freedom. Operations in countries like Sudan, Chad, and the Central African Republic have

demonstrated France's willingness to protect its interests, often at the expense of African sovereignty. The recent

counter-terrorism initiative, Operation Barkhane, exemplifies France's ongoing military role in Africa.

France's Role in Libya and the Threat to the CFA France

France's involvement in Libya, particularly its push for intervention against Muammar Gaddafi, reveals its

determination to maintain control over the Francophone Africa region. Gaddafi's plan to introduce a gold-backed

African currency threatened the dominance of the CFA franc and posed a significant challenge to France's position. The

intervention aimed to thwart Gaddafi's currency ambitions and protect French interests.

Challenges to French Dominance and the Path Forward

Despite France's continued dominance, there are growing challenges and calls for change from Africans seeking

greater economic and political autonomy. The consequences of French exploitation, coupled with resentment and

protests, highlight the urgent need for a new approach.

The Call for African Sovereignty and Development

Many Africans argue that France's historical exploitation and ongoing economic control have hindered their continent's

development. They assert that France's colonial tax, which bleeds Africa economically, sustains French prosperity at

Africa's expense. This sentiment has led to increasing demands for African sovereignty and a reevaluation of the

neocolonial relationship with France

The Role of International Organizations

The United Nations and the European Union have a crucial role to play in addressing the issues surrounding French

dominance in Africa. As France seeks to improve its international image, these organizations should critically assess the

situation and work towards remedying the economic and political challenges faced by Western and Central African

countries. It is essential to uphold the principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity, not only within France but also in its

relationships with African nations.

Conclusion

France's historical influence in Africa continues to shape the economic and political landscape of its former colonies.

The legacy of colonialism, coupled with ongoing economic exploitation and military control, hinders African

development and sovereignty. However, there are signs of resistance and demands for change, as Africans seek to

assert their autonomy and challenge the neocolonial relationship with France. It is imperative for international

organizations to support African sovereignty and work towar

ds a more equitable and mutually beneficial relationship between France and its former colonies.