Aaranyakas

"Aaranyakas" are a part of  Vedic culture. They are associated with the Vedas, Brahmana texts, and also the Upanishads. The sage's thinking conducted with focused minds in the forests led to the creation of the Aaranyakas. Let's explore more about Aaranyakas in this article.

 

It's advisable to be cautious and avoid any mistakes while performing rituals to complete the sacrificial rites. The Vedas and Brahmana texts focus on ritualistic actions, whereas the Aaranyakas mark the beginning of the pursuit of knowledge. Aaranyakas bridge the gap between the ritualistic actions in the Brahmana texts and the philosophical teachings in the Upanishads.


The sages residing in the forests are known to have studied specific sections of the Brahmana texts. They refer to these sections as "Aaranyakas." In the Brahmana texts, details about sacrifices and rituals are mentioned, while in the Aaranyakas, deeper knowledge about philosophical concepts is provided.


Sages dwelling in the forests delved into the sections of the Brahmana texts related to their studies and referred to those sections as Aaranyakas. The original Upanishads were essentially Aaranyakas. Many ancient Upanishads contain parts contributed by those who lived in the forest. The Aaranyakas provide insights into devotion to deities, as well as profound knowledge about various aspects of life, including the mind, body, soul, the afterlife, rebirth, and more.


The term "Aaranyakas" encompasses various names of different sages. Currently, only seven Aaranyakas are available.


Aaitareya Aaranyakas and Shankhayana Aaranyakas are two types of Rigvedic Aaranyakas.


  • Aaitareya Aaranyakas discuss the great vow and provide details about pronunciation, phonetics, and sound. It also includes discussions about various sciences. Shankhayana Aaranyakas is divided into fifteen chapters.


  • Samavedic Aaranyakas include Jaiminiya Aaranyakas and Chandogya Aaranyakas (Shukla).

  • Jaiminiya Aaranyakas consist of four chapters. Jaiminiya Upanishad is related to the Samaveda or the Jaiminiya branch.


  • Yajurvedic Aaranyakas: Taittiriya and Maitrayani Aaranyakas.

  • Maitrayani Aaranyakas mention the vital force as the source of all elements.


Should Aaranyakas be studied at home?

When one enters the stage of Vanaprastha (forest-dwelling hermit), studying the scriptures relevant to forest life, known as Aaranyakas. According to householders' responsibilities, once the duties related to the world are fulfilled and the appropriate time comes for performing rituals, one should take up the Vanaprastha stage. The Aaranyakas guide what to do during the forest-dwelling stage. 


Aruni Upanishad emphasizes studying Aaranyakas and Upanishads during this stage. The sages taught their disciples about Aaranyakas in the forest.


Studying Aaranyakas at home could potentially dilute their profound impact. Aaranyakas are connected to trees, animals, and nature. Hence, it's advisable to refrain from studying them at home.




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